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1 א א א ز א و א א א א א : א א ل א א وא א א א א ز א א א א א א א א א א. و د א א وא א א א و א א ن א א : א وא א א د א د ط א א א وא א م א א א وذ ل א א א و א א و א א د א و وא א ز א א א ض א س א و م א وא. א א ط א ز א א : א אم א وא و א א א ط د א א م א. و ن و و א دא א א א د و ق א. و م א א ن دא א ز و א د א א א. و א م و א א دل א אم א א دא وא אم א د א א א.. א א א و א و. א ز א א و א א א א : ز א و א א م א د و و و. א א و א وא א א א א ن د ز א א א א א دول. א א 135 (2009) 13 د

2 א א א א א ز א و א : א ل א א א א א د א א و و م א א א א وא و א ق א. و د م א א א א د ز א א א א א. א א و א א א א א و א א א ن ل دא א א א א א א א א א א. א א א وא زא א و א א א א ل د م א א د وא א א א ز א א א وذ دون א و وא و ز א א א א " "د א א.(Mazawi,2003) ل א א א א א א. و א ز א א א وא א. د א א א ل א א و א א א א א (ענבר וחושן, 1997; יאיר, 2000, חושן, א (2005 و ض ق א א ز و (2000) وא ج و وز (1990) و א א. ن א و ن א א א א א א ن (פארס 2004 ) و ذ א א (מזאוי, 2003 אבו-עסבה, 2005 א). ذ م د א א ز א א א א א א א : א א و א א و. و 136 (2009) 13 د

3 א و ز א א ز א و א و א א א ز א א وא : و א ز א א و א ز א א א א و א א و א. א אض א د א وא א א א وא א ن א א א دא ود دو א م و א א א א و. א (שטנדל, א 6.5 א א د.(1992 و א م אد א א א א م ن א (دא א א ) (2008 ن ن א ن و א س) 82.1 ن 9.4 ن و 8.5 د وز. א ن א د א א א א ن א Abu Saad, ن א د א א وא (.(2005 א א א وא د. ل א س א א א ن א ط و س א م א א د א و א א د א ل א وא א א و د א א (כהאענה 2005.(Al-Haj, 2003 د س א و ع א א,.(Totryوא א א א א א 2008) א و א (א א א ز ( و א دא א و א د و א د א و א ق א دא א א ن א ن א ن א.(Abu-Baker, 2003) 137 (2009) 13 د

4 א א א א א ز א و א د م א א א ن ن א א ل א א א. א ل ن א Arar and Rigby, א א א א א وא א.(2009) و א א א א ز א א ز א א د و وא א و دوא א א א א 2007 ) א 2007 א.(2008 و و ذ א م א و א ن א א و א ع א א و א م (אלחאג' 1996 אבו-עסבה 2004 עראר ואבו-עסבה,.(2007 د א א א ض א د و א א א א د א وא و א و א ) אבו-בקר.(2003 ز ج ن א א א א ع א א א א אل ز א א د. ذ א א א א (אבו-עסבה א ن ع و.(2007 و א א و א א م ن א א. א א א د ز א وא د : א א א א א وא א. و אل א ز א א א א א א (רייכל,.(2008 و و د و و א א د א وא א א وא א א א ن ن א ز א א د א א א א د و א א א א א א א وא א د א ص א א א. ول א א ن ذ ول א א ز א א. 138 (2009) 13 د

5 א ز א א وא א א א وא א وزא א א ز א א א ن א وو א وא א وא وא د א ز. وزא א א א א א א א و א א ز א א א و ذא א א א.(2005 (ניר, و א א א א א (חן ואדי,.(1995 د و " ذج א " א و ط و و א ل א א. و א د " א" ط א ل א. א א א א د א م א א ذج وز و א א א و א و ن א א א ن א و א. א ز د א א א א א ن אم ع א א و א و و א אع א א א م و א א (Wirt and Kirst, א وو א א.1982) ن א ذ ز א א و א ز א א د א א א و א א د א א م ز א 2006).(Golan-Agnon, ص א د א א א א ن א א د. א א א א وא א د א وא א ص א (מזאוי, ن ن א א.(1996 א א د א ز א א زא ) אלחאג' 1996; אבו עסבה 139 (2009) 13 د

6 א א א א א ز א و א 2005 ב; 2007; רייכל, א א א و א و.(2008 א א د و. א ل א א א (א م) א א وא دא ذא א א وא و. א ز א ن א א א א א ز و א א وא ز א ق و ط : א א א وא א 1985),.(Mariو زع ز א א א و دون و א א א د م و א و א א و א א (חושן,.(2005 ن ن ز د א دא א א א و ل א وא א و د א و א א א ن و ن א.( ; חושן, א (ניר, א وא א زא א ل د ن ذ ن ن א د א (רייכל, 2008 ).و وא א א س. ن אع א وא دא א א א وא א و א א ن א אم א د א א א (ניר, (2005 و א و ذ א א و و א م א د ز. א א א א دא א ن א א ز א א א א א دو (יאיר, א ن א ص (2000 א ن ذ א و.(2004 א (גבתון, 140 (2009) 13 د

7 א و א א א ز و א א א א א وא م א א א א وא.. א א א א א م א א و א ل א د و " " و وא א د א א א و د و و م وא و و א وא א א א س و ) א.( ن دو א א א א א א ز و زא א وز د א ز. ذ א א و و א א وא ن د א א و دو.(Chambers, 2006) א א و א ز د א א א د א א م א د א א ن א م א ز د (د אن א א و (1988 و د א ق א א (א א وא ( א (רייכל,.(2008 א א و א م א א א وא א م א م وא ع א ن א م א א א א א א ز ط ز א ن د وزא א وא و א א ن א م א א א و א ن א وא و א א د. م א وא א א د א א و א א א א א א א א א א א א א א א وق א א م א א א دא א و ط א و א א وא د א א و א ل א א 141 (2009) 13 د

8 א א א א א ز א و א וחושן, א و א א א و و (ענבר.(1997 ذ ن א م א وא א د א א د (אבו-עסבה, א א دא و و א א א وق (2004 و و א א א. و א א ل א وא م وא א א א א 142 (2009) 13 د א א. م א وא א א א و א א وא وא א وزא د ن (2000 (יאיר, א ذ.س א א א د و א وא ج (Harris, 2002) א ن א א א א א ز א א (עראר וטאהא, 2007 ). و א א א א دא ط و ز א. ذ ز א د א א د دوא وא א م א א א ن دو و א : א س א و و ل د ن א م א א ن ذ (2009) و א.(Spillane, 1996) א א ق وא א א و ن " א وא א "א ج ن א ز א وא د א א א א א ذ ن و. א א م א ل م א א "א " א وذ ل א א وא א وא א א و א א وא م א و א وא א א א. א א א 4000 م و س א א م 260 (יאיר,.(2000 א ذ ز א د א ن م א א

9 א א و א م א و א ذ د وزא א وא و א א و א ز א م א א א ض א م. وא א א و ود ل و د دא ز א א ذ دون א و א. و א وزא א وא א و א د א زא م א א עסבה ועראר א א و د و د א (אבו.( و א א א א א א א و א ع א א ز. א א و א א د א 2002).(Robson, و ) ن) و و א. א و : م א س و ن א א و א א א א א و א א א. : א ط א א א. א א ز א א א. א א א ز و א א א א א ق א אم א א ن א ن א و א ص وא ع א ذ א א א א ق א وذ א ط و و א ن و ل وא ل و (2009) 13 د

10 א א א א א ز א و א א ص ع א ذ و א (patton,1990) א א א دא א א و ز א א. א ن א א א א 16 א א א א ض و א و א ز א א و א א ل א א و א. א و א ل و א א و א א א אو 16 א א א א א א א و 86 א א א ول א א א א و א א א.ق ن م א وא و (triangulation) د א و א وא د א א وא א ص א ن א ن.(Bryman, 2001) א وא א د وو و وذ א وא א א وא א א) ( א א وא א א وא وא א א א א א ن א א. 144 (2009) 13 د

11 א א د א س א א د ول :1 א א א א א א د ن א د / א ز 3,800 12,000 א 4,488 15,124 א 8,100 27,000 ل א 2,700 8,500 ل א دوא א دא א א א.1 : א و (Denzin ) د א א د א.2. א א و א א و و and Lincoln, 1994 ن א ع א و د ل א ز א م و א א ز ":.(Maxwell, 1996) א א و א م دא ز א ". و ن א د وא و." א ز " : א א א. ص א א א א א א א א وא א א س א و א ن א. وא א و א. 145 (2009) 13 د א Patton, 1990; Unrau ) ن א א ط א و א.( andא א א א ص א وذ Coleman, 1997 و و א. א ص א ع و א و و ( ) א א (themes)

12 א א א א א ز א و א و א وא " א" א.(2003 (שקדי, א و א و وא אل א ص א وא א א א. א א א ز و א א ( א א) א و א א א و א א ) א ( א א م א ع: א وא א א ز א ز ن א د א א ل ن ن ذא و ( دא א و א (אלחאג' 1996 אבו-עסבה 2005 א א א وא א א ( 2006 ) و א د א א א אز א ن א ن א ואבו-עסבה.(2007 א (עראר א ص א א א א א و و ن א א ز א א م وא ص(אלחאג' אבו-עסבה.(2004 ل א ن א א ن אز א و א و א د א א و א ل א د. و ز א א א د و وא א א א א א א ن א א א א. :ل א " ن א א א א س א و و ول א ن א ل א א א و و א س 146 (2009) 13 د

13 א א א وא א ن وא و א אغ.( ) "... א " א و א א ض א א א ض א א א א א و א ون א א א א : א) א א. א א " وא.( ن א ذ ن 70 א ن. א א و ( א) א د ن אز س א و א ج א ن و و א ل د א و א ز א و د א ج א وא و א אل.( ) "... و א א א ن م א ن و א א : و " ن א وزא א א א א א وא א و و א א ن א م א א א א وא م ل ع א א אط א وא א و م א א و ول א ) "... ج). و م א א د ذ : " ن א א دم و א א و א و א ذ. א א و א و א م ن א ز و ذא ذא ذא ". 147 (2009) 13 د

14 א א א א א ز א و א ول ن و م : א א א א م د א ن א א م و א א و و א א وא א. م א א א א א א د د א ز א و و ط ن وא א א א و دא א א א א א وא س ل א "..( ) و ن א א א ن אد א א א. ون ن س א א ج א وذ א א א א א (פארס,.(2004 ن ودع א و و א א ز א א אد א א ز ن دא א ز א אل و دא א א م وذ س א א א א א. א א وא א א ل א א א ل א א א א א و (יאיר 2000 מזאוי 2003 פארס.(2004 א א و א ط د א א دא ز א א وא دא א א א دא א א א א دא و و א א א و א دא א ز א و ن م دא وزא א وא ز א א ) א ز א א א.( א د א و א دא دא א ز ذ אل א ص א : 148 (2009) 13 د

15 א : ل א א א א א א א و د م " א د وא م "א و אق א و א ع ق א א و ل א ض א א ز א ون و ون א ذ ". א א.(د ) א א א א ز ن אل : ل و و א א " א ن ن و א א و ن א א א א و א وא و א א.( ) " ل س א א و א م א א א א د:. א א س و א " א و ول ن ع א א א وذ א ن دא.( ) " و د د א : " א ن ن ذא ض ن ن א א א אل א و א א א و و و و ن دא ون د ذ א א א و د א א " " و و ن و א א ز " ) א! ( 149 (2009) 13 د

16 א א א א א ز א و א و د א א د אد א א א : " ن א دא א א א و ن א א و א א א א ن א س א و و ض א א א س א و א و א א و א م א د و م א א ل و א ن ودع א و.(م ). " و א ن א א ن א و א א א ن א א وא و א א א ز (א א א א א ل א ق א א وא א א א א א و א א م وא.(2005 ) א א א א وא ع א وא م א א دא א א א א א א א א وא د א. د א و د א (2002) ود א א دא א א و و 1998 م א א א و א א א ج ن ز א א א "אزدوא א." ذ א زא א א א א א وא و א א. و א א א א و ( (2009 ن א س א وא א א אد א ن א د א א א אم א א א وزא א وא و א א وא א א א 150 (2009) 13 د

17 א א د وא وא و א א و א. א و ن א א א א د א و א ل א وא אم (ענבר וחושן, 1997). א م א א ن ( א א) و ض و א و א وذ د א. و د א د א אض ن א دא א א ل א د א אع ( א א) و. א א د א א د א زدوא دאد א א وא אع א א ص א א. א א א א א א א م א א ز א א א ل א א م א و ع א دא ز א א. و א א ق : " א א א د وزא א وא ن و א ل ل و א زא ل א א. ن. א אل و א א س د א א א א و و ن و א א و א א ق א ( )." و ج: " و ز א א אو ن א وא م א ع א א (و א ن א א زא ( א א א و ذ ن ز א. ول د دא א אم و א א א ن א ن א :ل و א ن 151 (2009) 13 د

18 א א א א א ز א و א א س م ون ون ن א א א ن ل ن א א א ق و م א ز"..( ) ن אل א א ن ز א א و א و. א א و א د و א و א وزא א وא و א. و א א א ن ز א ل و אل א א م א : א د و ن و ن و ".(ج ن ) " א א א ج دא ز א א א : "א دא א ز א א ن א א א وא دא א א ل ن و ذ ن م א א ع א ط א ) " د) و א א א א ذ א א ص :ل و א ز " א א و و ون א وא א א א س و وא ن א ن و و وא ن ن و ن א א ( )." א ج א א... א ع א א ( א) ز א א א א א و ن و א א א א وא د. و ز ص א א ز א و א ج و وز (1990) א א א ط ز (2008) א و. א א ز א א א 152 (2009) 13 د

19 و א ط א ن א ز א ز و دא ز א א. ذ ن ز א א א و א و א א א א د א 2006), (AL-hajא אم א 2003;Abu-Saad, א د א و ) א א א د א א.( د א ن (2000) א ن ن א (Merton, و "א زدوא א 1976) " א א א و א א زא א وא. א אم א אزن و א و א א א א د و יאיר ) וחובריו, 2009 ). وذ " א" وא وא و ص א א وא א و ) א د א.( و אد א א א د: " א אم و א. م د א א و א א א س وذ א א و א א. د א א دون ن م و و ن م א م ( )." ود א א : א. و دא א ن " א و و. ن. 153 (2009) 13 د

20 א א א א א ز א و א ذ و ن א א (د )." א א و ن א א א א א ن א א و א ووزא א وא ق א א و د ن (zero ن دא א א א א زدوא "א " : sumא وز א زא game و א وא א ) و א.( א ن א א א א ز و.ن א א ض א א و א א ز ( و ) א و ض و ط א א 2006)..(Al-Haj, 1996;Abu-Saad, و א א ط א ز א א : א אم א وא א א د ط א א א و م א. א و (יאיר, (2000 א א א א و א ص א (מזאוי, ق و א א د א א دא و و ن (2003 א (יאיר וחובריו.(2009 وو א م א א ن دא א ز و א د א א א. א م و א א دل א אم א א دא وא אم א د א א א. א אل ص א א א א א א א א وא د 2006) (Kamakshyaو אد و & Trivedi, א ول א א و א א א א א و א א د ن 2001).(Bassanini and Scarpetta, 2002; Temple, 154 (2009) 13 د

21 א א א ن ل א א د ل א و م دא و א ز و و א א ز א א. א. א א א و א ق א א ص א א. א א א א ز א א א و א א و ذ א وق وא א אم א א و א א א א و א א א د (יאיר, א א א א ن.(2004 א אم ل א א. א א د م א ز دא ذא א א א א א א و א א א א و دא א ز א ) ذ א א ( א ن ع א و د ع א ن א ق א א א زد د א א א ) و א د א.( א א א و א א د א א. و (2009) وא א ن א א א א د و א وא وق א دא א م א א א د وא א. א אم א وא א א א د א ووא א א وא א א א ذ ن א א א א א א א 2006) א א.(Golan-Agnon, (2005 ن א א א א (אבו-עסבה و ن و א א و א א وج وא ق دא א وא א ل א و 155 (2009) 13 د

22 א א א א א ز א و א. ز א א ق א אع א א دא ز א وو وزא א وא و א א א א א א و א ن א و وزא א وא ذ ن ( ) א א ن אزد د و دو א و א. א א دوא دא م א א א و א و دא وא א ق ن א א د א א و א و ز א א א ل א א و. א א د א و ط وא ل و א ذ א א ن א א و م א ز و א א ز ض ن و א א א و ل א د א א א وא و א ز א א وא و س א وא وא دא א א و א א א وא א א ذ א. א ن وزא א وא ن و. א א د א א א و א א م א و ز א و ذא (concentration of advantages) وא د א א א د ذא و א א وא א א 1996),.(Sarasonא אض ن א א م א ن دو א و א " ز " א وא א و م و ز א אد ) دو א א א (2005 א א ز א د ن 156 (2009) 13 د

23 א,.(Fullanو ن א א م אز دא و ز (2005 א א ذ א א א. א د א و א א א د א א א א د א دא وא ز א א א א وא د و א א א ول 1997). (Cohen 1982; Spillane and Thompson, ن א א א א ن.(2008 ;2007 רייכל, א א س (אבו-עסבה, د א ز א א وא א א א א א : א وא ض א ود ن א א א دא א א א.. א א ص א א א א ل و. א א ن. د ذא א אم ز א و ل دא ز א א. א א دא م א ذ د. א א א ن ن א א א א. و ج א א א א ن א ل ل ن א א. א ز و ز א א و : ط م א ود א א א وא א ز. ذ وא א م و ن ن وא א. 157 (2009) 13 د

24 א א א א א ز א و א א אבו-עסבה, ח'. (2004). בישראל. בתוך ד' הוצאת בבל. הקמת מנהל עצמאי ואוטונומי למערכת החינוך הערבית גולן-עגנון (עורכת). אי-שוויון בחינוך ( ). תל-אביב: אבו-עסבה, ח'. ( 2005 א). ההישגים הלימודיים של התלמידות הערביות בישראל כגורם אבו-עסבה, ח'. לכניסתן למעגל התעסוקה וכהזדמנות לשינוי מעמדן החברתי. בתוך א' פלדי (עורך). החינוך במבחן הזמן 2. ( ). תל-אביב: הוצאת הסתדרות המורים. ( 2005 ב). דוברת ואחריו. סוגיות בלתי פתורות במערכת החינוך הערבית: (עורך). דן בתוך ע' ירושלים: מכון ון ליר והקיבוץ המאוחד. לקראת מהפכה חינוכית -248) לפני דוח.(261 אבו-עסבה, ח'. (2007). החינוך הערבי בישראל: דילמות של מיעוט לאומי. ירושלים מכון פלורסהיימר. אבו-עסבה, ח'. ועראר, ח'. (טרם). מערכת החינוך בשלטון המקומי בישובים הערבים בראי המופקדים עליה. חיידר ע. אצל: (עורך). השלטון המקומי הערבי בישראל: התנהלות עצמית (שם זמני) ( ). ירושלים: מכון ון ליר. אל-חאג', מ'. (1996). חינוך בקרב הערבים בישראל- שליטה ושינוי חברתי. ירושלים: מאגנס. אל-חאג', מ'. ורונזפלד, ה' (1990). השלטון המקומי הערבי בישראל. גבעת חביבה: גבתון, המכון ללימודים ערביים. התוכנית הלאומית לחינוך, ירושלים כוח (2005). המשימה הלאומי לקידום החינוך בישראל. התוכנית הלאומית לחינוך, כי לכל ילד מגיע יותר. ד'. (2004). "אוטונומיה, אנומיה, אינטגרציה ואנרכיה: חקיקה ופסיקה כמכשירים להפעלת רפורמות חינוכיות ויישום מדיניות החינוך בישראל", בתוך י' דרור, ר' שפירא וד' נבו (עורכים), תמורות בחינוך-קווים למדיניות החינוך בישראל בשנות ה ( ). תל-אביב: רמות. הלשכה המרכזית לסטטיסטיקה..(2008) שנתון סטטיסטי לישראל,2008 אומדני אוכלוסיה לפי קבוצות אוכלוסיה, ירושלים: לוח 2.1. נדלה מתוך אתר הלמ"ס התוכנית הלאומית לחינוך. ירושלים.(2005) כוח המשימה הלאומי לקידום החינוך בישראל. התוכנית הלאומית לחינוך, כי לכל ילד מגיע יותר. 158 (2009) 13 د

25 א חושן, מ'. (2005). חינוך זה גם עניין של גיאוגרפיה: היבטים מרחביים של אוכלוסיה חברה ושלטון. בתוך ענבר דן (עורך). לקראת מהפכה חינוכית. ( ). תל- אביב: הוצאת ון ליר והקיבוץ המאוחד. חן, מ'. ואדי, א'. (1995). הקהילה המקומית כישות פוליטית, רפורמה בית-ספרית והישגים חינוכיים. בתוך ר' שפירא ושביט, ורונה (עורכות). בית-הספר וקהילתו. (83-105). אוניברסיטת תל-אביב: הוצאת רמות. (2000). ג'. יאיר, ג'. יאיר, מנהיגות מקצועית משרתת :המאפיינים של מחלקות חינוך. האוניברסיטה העברית בירושלים: המכון לחקר הטיפוח בחינוך..(2002) ג'. יאיר, חינוך ודמוקרטיה: הרשויות המקומיות בתווך בין התושבים לבין משרד החינוך- השלכות על בחירת ראשי הרשויות. מגמות, 43(1): (2004) משרד החינוך ההתנהגות - חינוך ודמוקרטיה: הרשויות המקומיות בתווך בין התושבים לבין השלכות על בחירת ראשי הרשויות :(1) 43, מגמות: רבעון למדעי יאיר, ג'., ויגיסר-שלו, י'., שוואט, ס'. ובילצקי, א'. (2009). מקצוענות ודמוקרטיזציה: תמורות וצרכים באגפי החינוך בשלטון המקומי. מאתר: כנאענה, י'. מזאוי, מזאוי, ירושלים: מפעם. מאוחזר 503C2256BA6002EE732/84C0B08ED3F85F28C22575A40032DA7F/$F ILE/News.pdf (2005). המשכיות וחדשנות בכפר הערבי בישראל: בין תרבות החמולה לביון התרבות האקדמית. מחקר לעבודת גמר לתואר שיני בבית-הספר לחינוך באוניברסיטת תל-אביב. (1996). א'. במדינת ישראל. אוניברסיטת תל-אביב. (2003). א'. מבנה השוויון בהזדמנויות חינוכיות במערכת החינוך הערבית חיבור לשם קבלת תואר דוקטור, בית-הספר לחינוך, ריכוז של מחסור במשאבים ונגישות לתעודת בגרות ביישובים ערביים ויהודיים בישראל. בתוך י' דרור, ד' נבו ור' שפירא (עורכים), תמורות בחינוך- קווים למדיניות החינוך בישראל לשנות האלפיים. (57-56). תל-אביב: הוצאת רמות. משרד מבקר המדינה. דו"ח מבקר המדינה ה- ירושלים: 48. משרד מבקר.(1998) המדינה. 159 (2009) 13 د

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29 א Unrau, Y. & Coleman, H. (1997). Qualitative data analysis. In: M. Grinnell (Ed.), Social work research and evaluation: quantitative and qualitative approaches (pp ). Itasca, IL: Peacock. Wirt, F. M. & Kirst, M. W. (1982). Schools in Conflict. California: McCutchan Publications. עמדות ותפיסות של המופקדים על מערכת החינוך בשלטון המקומי בישובים הערביים בישראל תקציר: ח'אלד עראר, ח'אלד אבו-עסבה מאמר זה בוחן את העמדות והתפיסות של הגורמים השונים המופקדים על מערכת החינוך בשלטון המקומי בישובים הערביים בישראל, במטרה להצביע על הבעיות המרכזיות העולות מעמדות אלו. במאמר מובאות עמדות של בעלי תפקידים כגון ראש הרשות, מנהל מחלקת החינוך ומנהל בית הספר, מארבעה ישובים ערבים שונים, המלמדות כי החינוך הערבי סובל מבעיות בשלושה תחומים: העדר שוויון במשאבים בהשוואה לחינוך היהודי; דפוסים מאפיינים של תרבות פוליטית ברשויות הערביות; ומעמדם הנחות של מנהלי מחלקות החינוך במגזר הערבי. כל אלו הינם גורמים בעלי השפעה על אופייה של מערכת החינוך. פתרון בעיות אלה מורכב וראשית יש להכיר בהן. פעולות שיוכלו להביא לשיפור המצב הינן: גיבוש מדיניות שתעמיד את מערכת החינוך בראש סולם העדיפויות של הרשויות, ייעול פעילות מחלקות החינוך, שילוב כוח-אדם מקצועי ומיומן ובנייה והפעלת תוכניות חינוכיות מתאימות. פעולות אלה ואחרות, כמו העמקת השוויון בתקצוב מערכת החינוך הערבי, עשויות להצעיד את מערכת החינוך במגזר הערבי בישראל לחזית, בדומה למדינות מתפתחות אחרות בשנות האלפיים. תארנים: שלטון מקומי, מגזר ערבי, חינוך, מדיניות חינוכית, תרבות פוליטית. 163 (2009) 13 د

30 א א א א א ز א و א 164 (2009) 13 د

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